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It's an proxy which is also known as a proxy server. It is a software which acts as an intermediary between server and a client over the internet. Without the proxy, a customer could make a request for an item directly to a server and the server will provide the requested resource directly to the user. While this approach is straightforward to comprehend and implement using proxy services, it may bring advantages in terms better performance, privacy, security, and many more. As an additional pass-through layer proxy, it acts as an extra security layer on the internet between servers and clients.




It is generally accepted that the set of server hardware along with installed proxy software is also often called proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers that are typically classified as software and when referring to web servers. This article will present a detailed breakdown of the two main types: a forward proxy and a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own unique usage instance, but they often get confused because of the identical namesake convention.




This article will provide you with information on what proxies are and the subtypes of them and how they function in the most common configurations. In this article, you'll be able identify scenarios where you could gain from using a proxy, and decide on the most appropriate solution between forward proxy and reverse proxy for every situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy, also known by its name of the open proxy serves as an intermediary for a customer who wishes to make a request via the internet to an original server. In this situation, it's the scenario that all requests made by the client should be sent through this forward proxy. A forward proxy, acting in on behalf of the user will examine the request. It is the first thing to determine if the client is allowed to send requests via this particular forward proxy. Then, it will either deny the request or forward it to the server originally. The client doesn't get direct internet access. It can only reach what the forward proxy allows the client to access.




A very popular reasons for forward proxy is to increase privacy or anonymity on internet. A forward proxy uses the internet as a client, and in this way, it could use an alternative IP address in addition to the original IP address.




Depending on how it has been set up depending on the way it's configured forward proxy can provide you with a range of choices and permit you to:




Beware of tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can determine limitations based on your geographic area.




Forward proxies are also utilized in systems that provide centralized security and access through permissions, such as in a workplace. When all internet traffic goes through a forward proxy, an administrator could grant only a small number of users access to the internet that is blocked by a common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls for the client layer which can include multiple machines with various configurations and users, the firewall could be put in the layer which forwards proxy traffic.




Note that forward proxies need to be manually setup to use them, while reverse proxy servers might not be detected by the client. Depending on the type of IP address that the client, it is relayed to the server that originated it through forward proxy, privacy and anonymity could be granted or not noticed.




There are a myriad of options to look into for forward proxy options




Apache An open-source, well-known web server that offers forward proxy features.


Nginx is another well-known open-source web server that comes with forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that utilizes an HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer an entire internet server. We recommend that you follow our step-by-step guide on how to set up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP which makes it more suitable for use cases like peer-to-peer traffic. You could also find out how to install a Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy functions as a proxy for web servers, which handles any requests that come in from clients for. This server can comprise a singular server, or multiple servers. Additionally, it can serve for application servers, such as Gunicorn. In both cases, the request will come in from a client through the internet at large. Most of the time the request will be sent directly to the server along with the information the client needs of. Reverse proxy, however, serves as an intermediary, and is able to block it from directly interacting with the internet's open.




From the perspective of a user the experience of interacting with reverse proxy is not different from connecting to the web server directly. It's the same thing and the client is unable to tell the difference. The client asks for an item, then gets it with no additional configuration required on the part of the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




The server for the web is secure centrally.


Directing traffic according to rules that you can decide to define.


Additional functionality to cache data.




While central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy service, reverse proxies give this benefit only to Web layer servers, but not to the layer that clients use. instead of having firewalls at the web server layer which may include multiple servers with different configurations, the majority of firewall security is concentrated on the layer of reverse proxy. Additionally, getting rid of the hassle of dealing with firewalls and communicating with requests from clients that are not connected to web servers allows them to focus solely on serving resources.




In the case of multiple servers that are behind a reverse proxy the reverse proxy is also responsible to control which requests are routed to which servers. Multiple web servers could be serving the same content, offering different types of resources or a mixture of the two. They may use the HTTP protocol similar to traditional web servers, however they may include other protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can create a reverse proxy to direct clients to specific servers depending on the resource requested or to abide by certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also benefit from their placement in front of web servers, offering caching capabilities. Large static files can be arranged with caching rules to avoid having to call web servers on every request. There are even solutions allowing users to serve static assets directly without contacting the web server in any way. Additionally, reverse proxy can handle compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server functions as a very popular reverse proxy solution. Although Apache has a reverse proxy option, the Apache web server comes with a reverse proxy which is an additional function for Apache however Nginx was initially designed for and focused exclusively on reverse proxy feature.



Distinguishing Forward Proxy from reverse Proxy Use Examples



Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with the perception of directionality, and can lead to misleading comparisons with "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic and vice versa, these labels are often confusing since both kinds of proxies handle requests and responses. The best way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy services is to study the specifications of the application you're building.




Reverse proxy is a useful tool for the creation of an option to provide web-based internet-based services. They are your web servers whenever you interact using the internet.




Forward proxy apps are useful to display clients for personal usage, or even in a professional setting. They serve as the proxy for your client for any interaction via the internet.




Separating by use case rather than focusing on commonly used naming conventions can make it simpler for people to stay clear of confusion.



Conclusion



This article explains what a proxy is along with the two types, which are the forward proxy as well as the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a discussion of the most beneficial features were used to differentiate between forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested in exploring the possibilities of proxies, then read our guide on how to set up Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server within Apache running the Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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