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proxy, also known as proxy, also known as proxy or proxy server, is a server software that acts in the middle between client and server on the internet. Without an intermediary, a user could send a request for an item directly to a server, and servers would deliver the requested resource directly back to the user. Although this method is easy to understand and use, adding proxies offers advantages such as increased security, performance, privacy and many more. As a pass-through layer proxy acts as a gatekeeper of the internet between clients and servers.




Generally speaking it is the bundled set of server hardware and proxy software is also often called proxy servers. But, this article will focus on proxy servers which are typically understood as software, and those used together with web servers. We will present a summary of the two primary kinds, namely forward and reverse proxy. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own usage scenario, which can be misinterpreted due to the similar terms.




This article will give you an idea of the different types of proxy services and the subtypes are, as being able to explain how they can be useful in typical configurations. Through this article, you can identify the situations where you can benefit from proxy services and decide on the best option in between reverse and forward proxy options in any given scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also referred to as open proxy, also known as open proxy is an agent of users who want to transmit a request over the internet to an the server that made it. In this scenario it is the case that all requests made by the client would rather be directed straight at the forward proxy. Forward proxy in place of the client, will look over the request. At the beginning, it will determine whether the client can accept requests through this specific forward proxy. It will then reject requests or redirect it to the original server. The client does not have direct access to the internet but it is able to access what forward proxy grants it access to.




The most common reason to use forward proxies is to improve privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy allows you to browse the internet in place of clients. In the process, it uses a different IP address than the original IP address used by the client.




Based on how it was configured according to the way it was set up forward proxy may offer you a range of functions as well as the ability to:




Avoid tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


You will be able to identify any limitations based on your geographic location.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems that offer central security as well as permission-based access, like at a workplace. If all traffic on the internet is routed through an open forward proxy layer an administrator is able to restrict access to certain users to the internet. This is then filtered by a typical firewall. Instead of putting firewalls in place for the client layer, which may comprise several devices that are different in terms of user and environments, a firewall could be placed in the forward proxy layer.




Be aware that forward proxies need to be set up manually before they can be used to use them in a reverse proxy, whereas forward proxy's are able to be noticed by the user. Based on the fact that your IP address a user is transmitted to the server that generated it via the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity could be granted or kept in the dark.




There are many alternatives to think about for forward proxies




Apache An open source, well-known web server that provides forward proxy functionality.


Nginx: Another well-known open-source server for web hosting that has forward proxy capability.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It's not the complete web-based server. Read our guide on how you can configure Squid proxy so that it allows private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP to make it more suitable for scenarios such as peer-to -peer traffic. You might also want to examine how you can create a Dante proxy to allow private connections using Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy acts as an agent for a web server, which handles the incoming requests of clients on its behalf. The web server can be one or more servers. Additionally, it can be an application server such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations an application request is made by a user who is on the internet in general. Most of the time, the request will go directly to the server hosting the information the user wants. Contrarily, a reverse proxy functions as an intermediary that helps to protect Web servers from direct interaction with the internet's open.




From a perspective of the user that is a user's view, working using reverse proxy is any different from working with Web server in direct contact. It works identical to the web server and the client cannot discern the distinction. The client is able to make a request for the resource and it is then given it, without any additional configuration required by the client.




Reverse proxies grant the following features:




Secured centrally to protect Web Server Layer.


Controlling traffic that is incoming by implementing rules that you establish.


The caching functionality was added to the application.




Although centralized security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy servers, reverse-proxies provide this for only the layer of web servers, and not the client layer. instead of maintaining firewalls in the web server layer, which can contain several servers with different configurations the majority of firewall security is focused at the reverse proxy layer. Also, the removal of the obligation to interface with a firewall and communicating with requests from clients off of web servers enables them to concentrate on satisfying the requirements of their customers.




If there are multiple servers running through a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy can also be accountable for the direction of which requests are directed through which server. There may be several web servers hosting the same resource, however each of them offering a different kind of resource or a mix of both. These servers may be running their own HTTP protocol to serve as a standard web server, however they could also incorporate protocols for applications such as FastCGI. It is possible to configure a reverse proxy to direct visitors to a specific server based on the type of resource they're looking for, or to follow certain rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies are also able to benefit from their position prior to web servers through the capacity of caching. Large static assets can be in a position to be set up using rules for caching to avoid the web server from being hit on every request. There are solutions offering the possibility of providing static files without having to connect directly to the website server. Additionally, the reverse proxy will manage the compression of these files.




The well-known Nginx webserver is a well-known reverse proxy choice. While Apache can also be regarded as a reverse proxy service however, the Apache web server is equipped with a reverse proxy feature, which is an additional option in Apache but Nginx was designed originally for and focused on the reverse proxy function.



The difference is between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Cases



Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are both associated with directionality, they can also lead to false comparisons with "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic and could be confusing since both types of proxies are able to respond to requests as well as responses. The best method to distinguish between the forward and reverse proxies would be by analyzing the requirements of the app you're building.




Reverse proxy is helpful when building a solution to deliver web-based applications to the internet. They act as your servers whenever you connect to the internet.




Forward proxy is helpful when placed in front of the client for your private use, or even in a working environment. They are your client's proxy every time you connect to the internet.




Distinguishing by use case rather than focusing solely on similar names will ensure that you aren't confused.



Conclusion



This article clarified what a proxy is with two kinds, specifically the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and an exploration of beneficial features were used to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy. If you're interested in knowing more about how to implement proxy services, be sure to check out our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as web service and reverse proxy within Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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